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Abstract: We have found glucose-containing glycerophospholipid, phosphatidylglucoside (PtdGlc) in mammalian tissure. PtdGlc is highly expressed in developing rodent brain in cell type- and stage-specific manner. PtdGlc consists of single molecular species with C18:0 at glycerol sn-1 and C20:0 at glycerol sn-2 position and by this saturated fatty acyl composition, PtdGlc is a resident of membrane lipid microdomain (raft). Stimulation of PtdGlc-containing lipid raft on neuroepithelial cells causes astroglial differentiation accompanied with activation of EGF-receptor and Jac-Stat signaling pathway. In addition, PtdGlc forms water-soluble lyso-PtdGlc (LPG) by action of phospholipase A2 and LPG act on neuron growth cone to induce collapse and chemorepulsion. Taken together, PtdGlc is new bioactive lipid produced in radial/astroglia and act on neuron mediated by LPG.
Key words: Phosphatidylglucoside, lipid microdomain, neural stem/ progenitor cells, cellular differentiation, bioactive lipids
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